Prevent zoomout in both dimensions using double-pass system

* wip; start working on making it not flash when transferring new images

* don't delete the images, just clear them

* add changelog entry

* fmt

.github/workflows/rust.yml

@@ -3,31 +3,56 @@ name: Rust
 on:
   push:
     branches: ["main"]
+    tags: ["v*.*.*"]
   pull_request:
     branches: ["main"]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+  workflow_call:
 
 env:
   CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
 
 jobs:
-  build:
+  test-build:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - { os: "macos-latest", target: "aarch64-apple-darwin" }
+          - { os: "ubuntu-latest", target: "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu" }
+          - {
+              os: "windows-latest",
+              target: "x86_64-pc-windows-msvc",
+              ext: ".exe",
+            }
+          - { os: "ubuntu-24.04-arm", target: "aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu" }
 
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
 
     steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+
       - name: Setup sccache
         if: github.event_name != 'release' && github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
         uses: mozilla-actions/sccache-action@v0.0.8
       - name: Configure sccache
         if: github.event_name != 'release' && github.event_name != 'workflow_dispatch'
         run: |
-        echo "SCCACHE_GHA_ENABLED=true" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "SCCACHE_GHA_ENABLED=true" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-        echo "RUSTC_WRAPPER=sccache" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "RUSTC_WRAPPER=sccache" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-    - name: Install build dependencies
+
-      run: |
+      - name: Setup rust cache action
-        sudo apt-get update
+        uses: swatinem/rust-cache@v2
-        sudo apt-get install -y libfontconfig1-dev libgoogle-perftools-dev google-perftools
+        with:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+          cache-on-failure: true
+
+      - name: install build dependencies on ubuntu and cache
+        if: contains(matrix.os, 'ubuntu')
+        uses: awalsh128/cache-apt-pkgs-action@latest
+        with:
+          packages: libfontconfig1-dev libgoogle-perftools-dev google-perftools
+          version: latest # could be anything
+
       - name: Install clippy and fmt
         run: rustup component add clippy rustfmt
       - name: Clippy
@@ -38,5 +63,46 @@ jobs:
         run: cargo fmt -- --check
       - name: Run benchmarks as tests
         run: cargo test --locked --benches -- adobe_example
-    - name: Build
+
-      run: cargo build --locked
+      - name: Set build mode
+        shell: bash
+        run: if [ "${{github.ref_type}}" == "tag" ] || [ ${{ github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref_name == 'main' }} ]; then echo "BMODE=production">>"$GITHUB_ENV"; fi
+
+      - name: Build in ${{env.BMODE || 'debug'}} mode
+        run: cargo build --verbose --locked --profile ${{env.BMODE || 'dev'}}
+
+      - name: Prepare artifact
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p dist
+          cp "target/${{env.BMODE || 'debug'}}/tdf${{ matrix.ext }}" dist/tdf-${{ matrix.target }}${{ matrix.ext }}
+          tree dist || ls -la dist
+
+      - name: Upload artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5
+        with:
+          name: tdf-${{ matrix.target }}
+          path: dist/tdf*
+
+  tag-release:
+    name: Release on tag push
+    runs-on: ubuntu-slim
+    if: github.ref_type == 'tag'
+    needs: test-build
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v6
+        with:
+          pattern: "**/tdf-*"
+          path: release-artifacts
+          merge-multiple: true
+
+      - name: What's up?
+        run: tree release-artifacts # beautiful!
+
+      - name: Create a GitHub release
+        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v2
+        with:
+          draft: true
+          generate_release_notes: true
+          files: release-artifacts/*
+          prerelease: ${{ contains(github.ref, 'alpha') || contains(github.ref, 'beta') || contains(github.ref, 'rc') }}

.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
 /target
 debug.log
+/.envrc
+/.direnv/

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 # Unreleased
 
+- Added windows support! (thank you to [@jarjk](https://github.com/jarjk) for helping out!)
+- Added keybindings (`0`/`$`) to scroll to left or right side of zoomed-in image ([#131](https://github.com/itsjunetime/tdf/pull/131), thank you [@IshDeshpa](https://github.com/IshDeshpa)!)
+- Fixed issue with images clearing/flashing after displaying a certain number on kitty
+- (Internal) decreased runtime footprint of tokio runtime
+
 # v0.5.0
 
 - Switched simd base64 crate for one that works on stable (from `vb64` to `base64_simd`)

Cargo.toml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ license = "AGPL-3.0-only"
 keywords = ["pdf", "tui", "cli", "terminal"]
 categories = ["command-line-utilities", "text-processing", "visualization"]
 default-run = "tdf"
-rust-version = "1.86"
+rust-version = "1.95"
 
 [[bin]]
 name = "tdf"
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ name = "tdf"
 
 [dependencies]
 # we're using this branch because it has significant performance fixes that I'm waiting on responses from the upstream devs to get upstreamed. See https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/issues/1116
-ratatui = { git = "https://github.com/itsjunetime/ratatui.git" }
+ratatui = { git = "https://github.com/itsjunetime/ratatui.git", rev = "720ac2d0cad1ac6424364fea74856fec9c100cb1", default-features = false, features = [ "crossterm", "layout-cache" ] }
 # ratatui = { path = "./ratatui/ratatui/" }
 # We're using this to have the vb64 feature (for faster base64 encoding, since that does take up a good bit of time when converting images to the `Protocol`. It also just includes a few more features that I'm waiting on main to upstream
-ratatui-image = { git = "https://github.com/itsjunetime/ratatui-image.git", branch = "vb64_on_personal", default-features = false }
+ratatui-image = { git = "https://github.com/itsjunetime/ratatui-image.git", rev = "a276a87cb8e2976442c6cc59db831db81551da89", default-features = false }
 # ratatui-image = { path = "./ratatui-image", default-features = false }
 crossterm = { version = "0.29.0", features = ["event-stream"] }
 # crossterm = { path = "../crossterm", features = ["event-stream"] }
@@ -34,16 +34,18 @@ image = { version = "0.25.1", features = ["pnm", "rayon", "png"], default-featur
 notify = { version = "8.0.0", features = ["crossbeam-channel"] }
 tokio = { version = "1.37.0", features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros"] }
 futures-util = { version = "0.3.30", default-features = false }
-flume = { version = "0.11.0", default-features = false, features = ["async"] }
+flume = { version = "0.12.0", default-features = false, features = ["async"] }
 xflags = "0.4.0-pre.2"
 mimalloc = "0.1.43"
-nix = { version = "0.30.0", features = ["signal"] }
+nix = { version = "0.31.0", features = ["signal"] }
-mupdf = { git = "https://github.com/messense/mupdf-rs.git", rev = "2e0fae910fac8048c7008211fc4d3b9f5d227a07", default-features = false, features = ["svg", "system-fonts", "img"] }
+mupdf = { git = "https://github.com/messense/mupdf-rs.git", rev = "d7441b9998c92135e329559c0aa71d9dc92cf4de", default-features = false, features = ["svg", "system-fonts", "img"] }
 rayon = { version = "1", default-features = false }
 # kittage = { path = "../kittage/", features = ["crossterm-tokio", "image-crate", "log"] }
-kittage = { version = "0.1.1", features = ["crossterm-tokio", "image-crate", "log"] }
+kittage = { version = "0.4.0", features = ["crossterm-tokio", "image-crate", "log"] }
 memmap2 = "0"
 csscolorparser = { version = "0.8.0", default-features = false }
+debounce = "0.2.2"
+smallvec = "1"
 
 # logging
 log = "0.4.27"
@@ -51,7 +53,9 @@ flexi_logger = "0.31"
 
 # for tracing with tokio-console
 console-subscriber = { version = "0.5.0", optional = true }
-debounce = "0.2.2"
+
+[patch.crates-io]
+pathfinder_simd = { git = "https://github.com/itsjunetime/pathfinder.git", rev = "814671e162a1829e074521446317b915311d3d4d" }
 
 [profile.production]
 inherits = "release"
@@ -64,7 +68,7 @@ epub = ["mupdf/epub"]
 cbz = ["mupdf/cbz"]
 
 [dev-dependencies]
-criterion = { version = "0.7.0", features = ["async_tokio"] }
+criterion = { version = "0.8.0", features = ["async_tokio"] }
 cpuprofiler = "0.0.4"
 
 [[bench]]

benches/rendering.rs

@@ -34,7 +34,12 @@ fn for_all_combos(
 	name: &'static str,
 	mut f: impl FnMut(&Runtime, BenchmarkId, &'static str, ProtocolType)
 ) {
-	let rt = tokio::runtime::Runtime::new().unwrap();
+	let rt = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
+		.worker_threads(3)
+		.enable_time()
+		.build()
+		.unwrap();
+
 	for proto in PROTOS {
 		for file in FILES {
 			f(

benches/utils.rs

@@ -65,7 +65,6 @@ pub fn start_rendering_loop(
 	Sender<RenderNotif>
 ) {
 	let pathbuf = path.as_ref().canonicalize().unwrap();
-	let str_path = pathbuf.into_os_string().to_string_lossy().to_string();
 
 	let (to_render_tx, from_main_rx) = unbounded();
 	let (to_main_tx, from_render_rx) = unbounded();
@@ -91,7 +90,7 @@ pub fn start_rendering_loop(
 	let cell_width_px = size.width / size.columns;
 	std::thread::spawn(move || {
 		start_rendering(
-			&str_path,
+			&pathbuf,
 			to_main_tx,
 			from_main_rx,
 			cell_height_px,
@@ -117,6 +116,7 @@ pub fn start_converting_loop(
 	let (to_converter_tx, from_main_rx) = unbounded();
 	let (to_main_tx, from_converter_rx) = unbounded();
 
+	#[expect(deprecated)]
 	let mut picker = Picker::from_fontsize(FONT_SIZE);
 	picker.set_protocol_type(proto);
 

src/converter.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 use std::{
-	num::NonZeroUsize,
+	io::Cursor,
+	num::{NonZeroU32, NonZeroUsize},
 	time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH}
 };
 
 use flume::{Receiver, SendError, Sender, TryRecvError};
 use futures_util::stream::StreamExt as _;
-use image::DynamicImage;
+use image::{DynamicImage, codecs::pnm::PnmDecoder};
-use kittage::{NumberOrId, action::NONZERO_ONE};
+use kittage::NumberOrId;
 use ratatui::layout::Rect;
 use ratatui_image::{
 	Resize,
@@ -111,22 +112,26 @@ pub async fn run_conversion_loop(
 			return Ok(None);
 		};
 
-		let mut dyn_img = image::load_from_memory_with_format(
+		let decoder = PnmDecoder::new(Cursor::new(&page_info.img_data.pixels)).map_err(|e| {
-			&page_info.img_data.pixels,
+			RenderError::Converting(format!(
-			image::ImageFormat::Pnm
+				"The image data provided from mupdf was not in pnm format ({e}); don't know how to convert"
-		)
+			))
-		.map_err(|e| RenderError::Converting(format!("Can't load image: {e}")))?;
+		})?;
+
+		// The image we get should always already be `ImageRgb8`, so this `into` shouldn't do any
+		// conversions or anything, but just in case some underlying detail of mupdf or image
+		// changes, we do the `into` instead of just `match + unreachable!()` to avoid panicking
+		let mut dyn_img = DynamicImage::from_decoder(decoder)
+			.map_err(|e| RenderError::Converting(format!("Can't load image: {e}")))?
+			.into_rgb8();
 
-		match dyn_img {
-			DynamicImage::ImageRgb8(ref mut img) =>
 		for quad in &*page_info.result_rects {
-					img.par_enumerate_pixels_mut()
+			dyn_img
+				.par_enumerate_pixels_mut()
 				.filter(|(x, y, _)| {
 					*x > quad.ul_x && *x < quad.lr_x && *y > quad.ul_y && *y < quad.lr_y
 				})
 				.for_each(|(_, _, px)| px.0[2] = px.0[2].saturating_sub(u8::MAX / 2));
-				},
-			_ => unreachable!()
 		}
 
 		let img_area = Rect {
@@ -136,6 +141,8 @@ pub async fn run_conversion_loop(
 			y: 0
 		};
 
+		let dyn_img = DynamicImage::ImageRgb8(dyn_img);
+
 		let txt_img = match picker.protocol_type() {
 			ProtocolType::Kitty => {
 				let rn = SystemTime::now()
@@ -144,16 +151,20 @@ pub async fn run_conversion_loop(
 					.as_nanos() % 1_000_000;
 
 				let mut img = if shms_work {
-					kittage::image::Image::shm_from(dyn_img, &format!("/tdf_{pid}_{rn}_{page_num}"))
+					let shm_name = format!("/tdf_{pid}_{rn}_{page_num}");
-						.map_err(|e| {
+
-							RenderError::Converting(format!("Couldn't write to shm: {e:?}"))
+					#[cfg(unix)]
+					let shm_name = &*shm_name;
+
+					kittage::image::Image::shm_from(dyn_img, shm_name).map_err(|e| {
+						RenderError::Converting(format!("Couldn't create shm: {e:?}"))
 					})?
 				} else {
 					kittage::image::Image::from(dyn_img)
 				};
 
 				// if ur pdf has 4 billion pages then you deserve to suffer
-				img.num_or_id = NumberOrId::Id(NONZERO_ONE.saturating_add(page_num as u32));
+				img.num_or_id = NumberOrId::Id(NonZeroU32::MIN.saturating_add(page_num as u32));
 
 				ConvertedImage::Kitty {
 					img: MaybeTransferred::NotYet(img),

src/kitty.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use core::fmt::Display;
 use std::{io::Write, num::NonZeroU32};
 
 use crossterm::{
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ use kittage::{
 	medium::Medium
 };
 use ratatui::layout::Position;
+use smallvec::SmallVec;
 
 use crate::converter::MaybeTransferred;
 
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@ impl<W: Write> Write for DbgWriter<W> {
 pub async fn run_action<'es>(
 	action: Action<'_, '_>,
 	ev_stream: &'es mut EventStream
-) -> Result<ImageId, TransmitError<<&'es mut EventStream as AsyncInputReader>::Error>> {
+) -> Result<Option<ImageId>, TransmitError<<&'es mut EventStream as AsyncInputReader>::Error>> {
 	let writer = DbgWriter {
 		w: std::io::stdout().lock(),
 		#[cfg(debug_assertions)]
@@ -78,7 +80,12 @@ pub async fn run_action<'es>(
 pub async fn do_shms_work(ev_stream: &mut EventStream) -> bool {
 	let img = DynamicImage::new_rgb8(1, 1);
 	let pid = std::process::id();
-	let Ok(mut k_img) = kittage::image::Image::shm_from(img, &format!("tdf_test_{pid}")) else {
+	let shm_name = format!("tdf_test_{pid}");
+
+	#[cfg(unix)]
+	let shm_name = &*shm_name;
+
+	let Ok(mut k_img) = kittage::image::Image::shm_from(img, shm_name) else {
 		return false;
 	};
 
@@ -94,21 +101,51 @@ pub async fn do_shms_work(ev_stream: &mut EventStream) -> bool {
 	res.is_ok()
 }
 
+type ESTransErr<'es> = TransmitError<<&'es mut EventStream as AsyncInputReader>::Error>;
+
+pub struct DisplayErr<'es> {
+	pub failed_pages: SmallVec<[usize; 2]>,
+	pub user_facing_err: &'static str,
+	pub source: DisplayErrSource<'es>
+}
+
+impl<'es> DisplayErr<'es> {
+	fn empty(user_facing_err: &'static str, source: ESTransErr<'es>) -> Self {
+		Self {
+			failed_pages: SmallVec::new(),
+			user_facing_err,
+			source: DisplayErrSource::Transmission(source)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum DisplayErrSource<'es> {
+	KittageReturnedNoId,
+	Transmission(ESTransErr<'es>)
+}
+
+impl Display for DisplayErrSource<'_> {
+	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+		match self {
+			Self::KittageReturnedNoId => write!(
+				f,
+				"Kittage returned no ID when we asked it to display an image. This is a bug in kittage, please report it."
+			),
+			Self::Transmission(t) => write!(f, "Error with talking to the terminal: {t}")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 pub async fn display_kitty_images<'es>(
 	display: KittyDisplay<'_>,
-	ev_stream: &'es mut EventStream
+	ev_stream: &'es mut EventStream,
-) -> Result<
+	last_z_index: &mut i32
-	(),
+) -> Result<(), DisplayErr<'es>> {
-	(
-		Vec<usize>,
-		&'static str,
-		TransmitError<<&'es mut EventStream as AsyncInputReader>::Error>
-	)
-> {
 	let images = match display {
 		KittyDisplay::NoChange => return Ok(()),
-		KittyDisplay::DisplayImages(_) | KittyDisplay::ClearImages => {
+		KittyDisplay::ClearImages =>
-			run_action(
+			return run_action(
 				Action::Delete(DeleteConfig {
 					effect: ClearOrDelete::Clear,
 					which: WhichToDelete::All
@@ -116,24 +153,23 @@ pub async fn display_kitty_images<'es>(
 				ev_stream
 			)
 			.await
-			.map_err(|e| (vec![], "Couldn't clear previous images", e))?;
+			.map_err(|e| DisplayErr::empty("Couldn't clear previous images", e))
-
+			.map(|_: Option<ImageId>| ()),
-			let KittyDisplay::DisplayImages(images) = display else {
+		KittyDisplay::DisplayImages(imgs) => imgs
-				return Ok(());
 	};
 
-			images
+	let new_z_index = last_z_index.wrapping_add_unsigned(1);
-		}
-	};
 
-	let mut err = None;
+	let mut err = Ok::<(), (SmallVec<[usize; 2]>, DisplayErrSource<'es>)>(());
 	for KittyReadyToDisplay {
 		img,
 		page_num,
 		pos,
-		display_loc
+		mut display_loc
 	} in images
 	{
+		display_loc.z_index = new_z_index;
+
 		let config = DisplayConfig {
 			location: display_loc,
 			cursor_movement: CursorMovementPolicy::DontMove,
@@ -163,7 +199,7 @@ pub async fn display_kitty_images<'es>(
 				};
 				std::mem::swap(image, &mut fake_image);
 
-				let res = run_action(
+				run_action(
 					Action::TransmitAndDisplay {
 						image: fake_image,
 						config,
@@ -171,15 +207,13 @@ pub async fn display_kitty_images<'es>(
 					},
 					ev_stream
 				)
-				.await;
+				.await
-
+				.map_err(DisplayErrSource::Transmission)
-				match res {
+				.and_then(|img_id| {
-					Ok(img_id) => {
+					img_id
-						*img = MaybeTransferred::Transferred(img_id);
+						.map(|id| *img = MaybeTransferred::Transferred(id))
-						Ok(())
+						.ok_or(DisplayErrSource::KittageReturnedNoId)
-					}
+				})
-					Err(e) => Err((page_num, e))
-				}
 			}
 			MaybeTransferred::Transferred(image_id) => run_action(
 				Action::Display {
@@ -190,20 +224,39 @@ pub async fn display_kitty_images<'es>(
 				ev_stream
 			)
 			.await
-			.map(|_| ())
+			// don't need the return id 'cause we already know it
-			.map_err(|e| (page_num, e))
+			.map(|_: Option<ImageId>| ())
+			.map_err(DisplayErrSource::Transmission)
 		};
 
 		log::debug!("this_err is {this_err:#?}");
 
-		if let Err((id, e)) = this_err {
+		if let Err(e) = this_err {
-			let e = err.get_or_insert_with(|| (vec![], e));
+			match err.as_mut() {
-			e.0.push(id);
+				Ok(()) => err = Err((SmallVec::from([page_num].as_slice()), e)),
+				Err((v, _)) => v.push(page_num)
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
+	let z_idxes_to_remove = *last_z_index;
+	*last_z_index = new_z_index;
+
 	match err {
-		Some((replace, e)) => Err((replace, "Couldn't transfer image to the terminal", e)),
+		Err((failed_pages, source)) => Err(DisplayErr {
-		None => Ok(())
+			failed_pages,
+			user_facing_err: "Couldn't transfer image to the terminal",
+			source
+		}),
+		Ok(()) => run_action(
+			Action::Delete(DeleteConfig {
+				effect: ClearOrDelete::Clear,
+				which: WhichToDelete::PlacementsWithZIndex(z_idxes_to_remove)
+			}),
+			ev_stream
+		)
+		.await
+		.map_err(|e| DisplayErr::empty("Couldn't clear previously-sent images", e))
+		.map(|_| ())
 	}
 }

src/lib.rs

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ pub fn scale_img_for_area(
 
 	// and get the ratio that this page would have to be scaled by to fit perfectly within the
 	// area provided to us.
-	// we do this first by comparing the aspec ratio of the page with the aspect ratio of the
+	// we do this first by comparing the aspect ratio of the page with the aspect ratio of the
 	// area to fit it within. If the aspect ratio of the page is larger, then we need to scale
 	// the width of the page to fill perfectly within the height of the area. Otherwise, we
 	// scale the height to fit perfectly. The dimension that _is not_ scaled to fit perfectly

src/main.rs

@@ -38,7 +38,9 @@ use ratatui_image::{
 use tdf::{
 	PrerenderLimit,
 	converter::{ConvertedPage, ConverterMsg, run_conversion_loop},
-	kitty::{KittyDisplay, display_kitty_images, do_shms_work, run_action},
+	kitty::{
+		DisplayErr, DisplayErrSource, KittyDisplay, display_kitty_images, do_shms_work, run_action
+	},
 	renderer::{self, MUPDF_BLACK, MUPDF_WHITE, RenderError, RenderInfo, RenderNotif},
 	tui::{BottomMessage, InputAction, MessageSetting, Tui}
 };
@@ -70,11 +72,18 @@ fn reset_term() {
 	);
 }
 
-#[tokio::main]
+fn main() -> Result<(), WrappedErr> {
-async fn main() -> Result<(), WrappedErr> {
+	let rt = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
+		.worker_threads(3)
+		.enable_time()
+		.build()
+		.unwrap();
+
+	rt.block_on(async move {
 		let result = inner_main().await;
 		reset_term();
 		result
+	})
 }
 
 async fn inner_main() -> Result<(), WrappedErr> {
@@ -209,10 +218,6 @@ async fn inner_main() -> Result<(), WrappedErr> {
 		)
 		.map_err(|e| WrappedErr(format!("Can't watch the provided file: {e}").into()))?;
 
-	// TODO: Handle non-utf8 file names? Maybe by constructing a CString and passing that in to the
-	// mupdf stuff instead of a rust string?
-	let file_path = path.clone().into_os_string().to_string_lossy().to_string();
-
 	let mut window_size = window_size().map_err(|e| {
 		WrappedErr(format!("Can't get your current terminal window size: {e}").into())
 	})?;
@@ -250,8 +255,13 @@ async fn inner_main() -> Result<(), WrappedErr> {
 				window_size.width != 0
 				&& window_size.height != 0
 				&& window_size.columns != 0
-				&& window_size.rows != 0
+				&& window_size.rows != 0 =>
-					=> Ok(Picker::from_fontsize((cell_width_px, cell_height_px))),
+			{
+				// the 'equivalent' that is suggested instead is not the same. We need to keep
+				// calling this.
+				#[expect(deprecated)]
+				Ok(Picker::from_fontsize((cell_width_px, cell_height_px)))
+			},
 			ratatui_image::errors::Errors::NoFontSize => Err(WrappedErr(
 				"Unable to detect your terminal's font size; this is an issue with your terminal emulator.\nPlease use a different terminal emulator or report this bug to tdf.".into()
 			)),
@@ -266,6 +276,7 @@ async fn inner_main() -> Result<(), WrappedErr> {
 		.and_then(NonZeroUsize::new)
 		.map_or(PrerenderLimit::All, PrerenderLimit::Limited);
 
+	let file_path = path.clone();
 	std::thread::spawn(move || {
 		renderer::start_rendering(
 			&file_path,
@@ -379,6 +390,8 @@ async fn enter_redraw_loop(
 	mut main_area: tdf::tui::RenderLayout,
 	font_size: FontSize
 ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+	let mut kitty_z_idx = i32::MIN;
+
 	loop {
 		let mut needs_redraw = true;
 		let next_ev = ev_stream.next().fuse();
@@ -399,6 +412,7 @@ async fn enter_redraw_loop(
 						},
 						InputAction::Search(term) => to_renderer.send(RenderNotif::Search(term))?,
 						InputAction::Invert => to_renderer.send(RenderNotif::Invert)?,
+						InputAction::Rotate => to_renderer.send(RenderNotif::Rotate)?,
 						InputAction::Fullscreen => fullscreen = !fullscreen,
 						InputAction::SwitchRenderZoom(f_or_f) => {
 							to_renderer.send(RenderNotif::SwitchFitOrFill(f_or_f)).unwrap();
@@ -450,10 +464,16 @@ async fn enter_redraw_loop(
 				to_display = tui.render(f, &main_area, font_size);
 			})?;
 
-			let maybe_err = display_kitty_images(to_display, &mut ev_stream).await;
+			let maybe_err =
+				display_kitty_images(to_display, &mut ev_stream, &mut kitty_z_idx).await;
 
-			if let Err((to_replace, err_desc, enum_err)) = maybe_err {
+			if let Err(DisplayErr {
-				match enum_err {
+				failed_pages,
+				user_facing_err,
+				source
+			}) = maybe_err
+			{
+				match source {
 					// This is the error that kitty & ghostty provide us when they delete an
 					// image due to memory constraints, so if we get it, we just fix it by
 					// re-rendering so it don't display it to the user
@@ -461,13 +481,15 @@ async fn enter_redraw_loop(
 					// [TODO] maybe when we detect that an image was deleted, we probe the
 					// terminal for the pages around it to see if they were deleted too and if
 					// they were, we re-render them? idk
-					TransmitError::Terminal(TerminalError::NoEntity(_)) => (),
+					DisplayErrSource::Transmission(TransmitError::Terminal(
+						TerminalError::NoEntity(_)
+					)) => (),
 					_ => tui.set_msg(MessageSetting::Some(BottomMessage::Error(format!(
-						"{err_desc}: {enum_err}"
+						"{user_facing_err}: {source}"
 					))))
 				}
 
-				for page_num in to_replace {
+				for page_num in failed_pages {
 					tui.page_failed_display(page_num);
 					// So that they get re-rendered and sent over again
 					to_renderer.send(RenderNotif::PageNeedsReRender(page_num))?;

src/renderer.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use std::{collections::VecDeque, num::NonZeroUsize, thread::sleep, time::Duration};
+use std::{collections::VecDeque, num::NonZeroUsize, path::Path, thread::sleep, time::Duration};
 
 use flume::{Receiver, SendError, Sender, TryRecvError};
 use mupdf::{
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ pub enum RenderNotif {
 	Search(String),
 	SwitchFitOrFill(FitOrFill),
 	Reload,
-	Invert
+	Invert,
+	Rotate
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -37,6 +38,14 @@ pub enum RenderInfo {
 	Reloaded
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+pub enum RotateDirection {
+	Deg0,
+	Deg90,
+	Deg180,
+	Deg270
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct PageInfo {
 	pub img_data: ImageData,
@@ -80,7 +89,7 @@ pub fn fill_default<T: Default>(vec: &mut Vec<T>, size: usize) {
 // probably be more performant if accessed by-value instead of through a reference. Probably.
 #[expect(clippy::needless_pass_by_value, clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 pub fn start_rendering(
-	path: &str,
+	path: &Path,
 	sender: Sender<Result<RenderInfo, RenderError>>,
 	receiver: Receiver<RenderNotif>,
 	col_h: u16,
@@ -98,13 +107,21 @@ pub fn start_rendering(
 
 	let mut stored_doc = None;
 	let mut invert = false;
+	let mut rotate = RotateDirection::Deg0;
 	let mut preserved_area = None;
 	let mut fit_or_fill = FitOrFill::Fit;
 
 	let mut need_rerender = VecDeque::new();
 
+	#[cfg(windows)]
+	let path = path.to_string_lossy();
+
 	'reload: loop {
-		let doc = match Document::open(path) {
+		// Need to do this weird borrow thing so that we convert `Cow<'_, str>` -> `&str` on windows
+		// and keep unix a `&Path` -> `&Path` 'cause there are different requirements within mupdf
+		// about file paths per-platform
+		#[cfg_attr(unix, expect(clippy::borrow_deref_ref))]
+		let doc = match Document::open(&*path) {
 			Err(e) => {
 				// if there's an error, tell the main loop
 				sender.send(Err(RenderError::Doc(e)))?;
@@ -238,6 +255,18 @@ pub fn start_rendering(
 							}
 							continue 'render_pages;
 						}
+						RenderNotif::Rotate => {
+							rotate = match rotate {
+								RotateDirection::Deg0 => RotateDirection::Deg90,
+								RotateDirection::Deg90 => RotateDirection::Deg180,
+								RotateDirection::Deg180 => RotateDirection::Deg270,
+								RotateDirection::Deg270 => RotateDirection::Deg0
+							};
+							for page in &mut rendered {
+								page.successful = false;
+							}
+							continue 'render_pages;
+						}
 					}
 				}};
 			}
@@ -301,6 +330,7 @@ pub fn start_rendering(
 					black,
 					white,
 					fit_or_fill,
+					rotate,
 					(area_w, area_h)
 				) {
 					// If that fn returned Some, that means it needed to be re-rendered for some
@@ -455,6 +485,7 @@ fn render_single_page_to_ctx(
 	black: i32,
 	white: i32,
 	fit_or_fill: FitOrFill,
+	rotate: RotateDirection,
 	(area_w, area_h): (f32, f32)
 ) -> Result<RenderedContext, mupdf::error::Error> {
 	let result_rects = match prev_render.num_search_found {
@@ -465,7 +496,12 @@ fn render_single_page_to_ctx(
 
 	// then, get the size of the page
 	let bounds = page.bounds()?;
-	let page_dim = (bounds.x1 - bounds.x0, bounds.y1 - bounds.y0);
+	let page_dim = match rotate {
+		RotateDirection::Deg0 | RotateDirection::Deg180 =>
+			(bounds.x1 - bounds.x0, bounds.y1 - bounds.y0),
+		RotateDirection::Deg90 | RotateDirection::Deg270 =>
+			(bounds.y1 - bounds.y0, bounds.x1 - bounds.x0),
+	};
 
 	let scaled = scale_img_for_area(page_dim, (area_w, area_h), fit_or_fill);
 	let ScaledResult {
@@ -482,7 +518,13 @@ fn render_single_page_to_ctx(
 	}
 
 	let colorspace = Colorspace::device_rgb();
-	let matrix = Matrix::new_scale(scale_factor, scale_factor);
+	let mut matrix = Matrix::new_scale(scale_factor, scale_factor);
+	match rotate {
+		RotateDirection::Deg0 => matrix.rotate(0.0),
+		RotateDirection::Deg90 => matrix.rotate(90.0),
+		RotateDirection::Deg180 => matrix.rotate(180.0),
+		RotateDirection::Deg270 => matrix.rotate(270.0)
+	};
 
 	let mut pixmap = page.to_pixmap(&matrix, &colorspace, false, false)?;
 	if invert {
@@ -494,6 +536,7 @@ fn render_single_page_to_ctx(
 	let (x_res, y_res) = pixmap.resolution();
 	let new_x = (x_res as f32 * scale_factor) as i32;
 	let new_y = (y_res as f32 * scale_factor) as i32;
+
 	pixmap.set_resolution(new_x, new_y);
 
 	let result_rects = result_rects

src/tui.rs

@@ -9,10 +9,6 @@ use crossterm::{
 	}
 };
 use kittage::display::DisplayLocation;
-use nix::{
-	sys::signal::{Signal::SIGSTOP, kill},
-	unistd::Pid
-};
 use ratatui::{
 	Frame,
 	layout::{Constraint, Flex, Layout, Position, Rect},
@@ -76,7 +72,7 @@ struct PageConstraints {
 	r_to_l: bool
 }
 
-#[derive(Default, Debug)]
+#[derive(Default, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 struct Zoom {
 	// just how much 'zoom' you have. 0 means it fills the screen (instead of fits), such
 	// that one axis is fully on-screen
@@ -90,7 +86,7 @@ struct Zoom {
 }
 impl Zoom {
 	/// Returns the zoom factor, where 1 is the default and means fill-screen
-	fn factor(&self) -> f32 {
+	fn factor(self) -> f32 {
 		// TODO: Make these configurable once we have a good way to set options after startup
 		const ZOOM_RATE: f32 = 1.1;
 		const ZOOM_RATE_GRANULAR: f32 = 1.05;
@@ -136,6 +132,12 @@ impl Zoom {
 	fn pan_top(&mut self) {
 		self.cell_pan_from_top = u16::MAX;
 	}
+	fn pan_left(&mut self) {
+		self.cell_pan_from_left = 0;
+	}
+	fn pan_right(&mut self) {
+		self.cell_pan_from_left = u16::MAX;
+	}
 }
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
 enum Direction {
@@ -260,7 +262,7 @@ impl Tui {
 			let img_page_w_ratio = img_section_w / initial_page_w;
 			let img_page_h_ratio = img_section_h / initial_page_h;
 
-			let shrink_move_page = |dim: &mut u16, pos: &mut u16, axis_zoom_factor: f32| {
+			fn shrink_move_page(dim: &mut u16, pos: &mut u16, axis_zoom_factor: f32) {
 				let old_dim = *dim;
 				// The axis zoom factor tells us what portion of the axis
 				// we need to show.
@@ -270,26 +272,56 @@ impl Tui {
 					.checked_sub(*dim)
 					.expect("zooming out should shrink the image")
 					/ 2;
-			};
-
-			// TODO: Detect max zoom-out in zoom levels
-			if img_page_w_ratio < img_page_h_ratio {
-				// vertical scroll / tall image. zooming out means decreasing the width of the page area
-				shrink_move_page(
-					&mut img_area.width,
-					&mut img_area.x,
-					// disallow zooming out past fit-screen
-					zoom_factor.max(1.0 / img_page_h_ratio)
-				);
-			} else {
-				// horizontal scroll / wide image. zooming out means decreasing the width of the page area
-				shrink_move_page(
-					&mut img_area.height,
-					&mut img_area.y,
-					// disallow zooming out past fit-screen
-					zoom_factor.max(1.0 / img_page_w_ratio)
-				);
 			}
+
+			fn shrink_move_two_pass(
+				zoom: &mut Zoom,
+				dim: &mut u16,
+				pos: &mut u16,
+				zoom_factor: f32,
+				axis_zoom_factor: f32
+			) {
+				// To detect if we're already at fit-screen, we perform a first
+				// pass on `img_area` that emulates the last call to
+				// `render_zoomed` by subtracting from the `zoom`'s level. This
+				// holds because the `img_area` that gets passed is always the
+				// same.
+				let mut first_pass_dim = *dim;
+				let mut first_pass_pos = *pos;
+				let mut first_pass_zoom = *zoom;
+
+				if first_pass_zoom.level.is_negative() {
+					first_pass_zoom.step_in();
+				}
+				let first_pass_zoom_factor = first_pass_zoom.factor();
+				shrink_move_page(
+					&mut first_pass_dim,
+					&mut first_pass_pos,
+					first_pass_zoom_factor.max(1.0 / axis_zoom_factor)
+				);
+
+				log::debug!("first_pass_dim: {first_pass_dim}, first_pass_pos: {first_pass_pos}");
+				// vertical scroll / tall image. zooming out means decreasing
+				// the width of the page area
+				// use `max` to disallow zooming out past fit-screen
+				shrink_move_page(dim, pos, zoom_factor.max(1.0 / axis_zoom_factor));
+
+				log::debug!("new dim: {dim}, new pos: {pos}");
+				// The moment the image area is left unmodified, we've hit
+				// fit-screen and the zoom level ought be normalized.
+				if first_pass_dim == *dim && first_pass_pos == *pos {
+					zoom.step_in();
+				}
+			}
+
+			let (dim, pos, axis_zoom_factor) = if img_page_w_ratio < img_page_h_ratio {
+				(&mut img_area.width, &mut img_area.x, img_page_h_ratio)
+			} else {
+				// horizontal scroll / wide image. zooming out means decreasing
+				// the height of the page area
+				(&mut img_area.height, &mut img_area.y, img_page_w_ratio)
+			};
+			shrink_move_two_pass(zoom, dim, pos, zoom_factor, axis_zoom_factor);
 		}
 		log::debug!("after adjustment, page area is {img_area:#?}");
 
@@ -346,7 +378,6 @@ impl Tui {
 		}])
 	}
 
-	// TODO: Make a way to fill the width of the screen with one page and scroll down to view it
 	#[must_use]
 	pub fn render<'s>(
 		&'s mut self,
@@ -700,31 +731,28 @@ impl Tui {
 		match ev {
 			Event::Key(key) => {
 				match key.code {
-					KeyCode::Char(c) => {
+					KeyCode::Char(c)
-						// TODO: refactor back to `if let` arm guards when those are stabilized
 						if let BottomMessage::Input(InputCommand::Search(ref mut term)) =
-							self.bottom_msg
+							self.bottom_msg =>
 					{
 						term.push(c);
-							return Some(InputAction::Redraw);
+						InputAction::Redraw.into()
 					}
-
+					KeyCode::Char(c)
 						if let BottomMessage::Input(InputCommand::GoToPage(ref mut page)) =
-							self.bottom_msg
+							self.bottom_msg && matches!(c, 'g' if self.is_kitty) =>
-						{
+						c.to_digit(10).map(|input_num| {
-							if c == 'g' && self.is_kitty {
-								self.update_zoom(Zoom::pan_bottom);
-								self.set_msg(MessageSetting::Pop);
-								return Some(InputAction::Redraw);
-							}
-
-							return c.to_digit(10).map(|input_num| {
 							*page = (*page * 10) + input_num as usize;
 							InputAction::Redraw
-							});
+						}),
+					KeyCode::Char(_)
+						if let BottomMessage::Input(InputCommand::GoToPage(_)) =
+							self.bottom_msg =>
+					{
+						self.set_msg(MessageSetting::Pop);
+						self.update_zoom(Zoom::pan_bottom)
 					}
-
+					KeyCode::Char(c) => match c {
-						match c {
 						'l' => self.change_page(PageChange::Next, ChangeAmount::Single),
 						'j' => self.change_page(PageChange::Next, ChangeAmount::WholeScreen),
 						'h' => self.change_page(PageChange::Prev, ChangeAmount::Single),
@@ -748,10 +776,10 @@ impl Tui {
 							Some(InputAction::Redraw)
 						}
 						'f' => Some(InputAction::Fullscreen),
-							'n' if self.page < self.rendered.len() - 1 => {
 						// TODO: If we can't find one, then maybe like block until we've verified
 						// all the pages have been checked?
-								self.rendered[(self.page + 1)..]
+						'n' if self.page < self.rendered.len() - 1 => self.rendered
+							[(self.page + 1)..]
 							.iter()
 							.enumerate()
 							.find_map(|(idx, p)| {
@@ -760,13 +788,8 @@ impl Tui {
 									.then_some(self.page + 1 + idx)
 							})
 							.map(|next_page| {
-										jump_to_page(
+								jump_to_page(&mut self.page, &mut self.last_render.rect, next_page)
-											&mut self.page,
+							}),
-											&mut self.last_render.rect,
-											next_page
-										)
-									})
-							}
 						'N' if self.page > 0 => self.rendered[..(self.page)]
 							.iter()
 							.rev()
@@ -777,11 +800,7 @@ impl Tui {
 									.then_some(self.page - (idx + 1))
 							})
 							.map(|prev_page| {
-									jump_to_page(
+								jump_to_page(&mut self.page, &mut self.last_render.rect, prev_page)
-										&mut self.page,
-										&mut self.last_render.rect,
-										prev_page
-									)
 							}),
 						'z' if key.modifiers.contains(KeyModifiers::CONTROL) => {
 							// [todo] better error handling here?
@@ -796,10 +815,17 @@ impl Tui {
 							.unwrap();
 							disable_raw_mode().unwrap();
 
+							#[cfg(unix)]
+							{
 								// This process will hang after the SIGSTOP call until we get
 								// foregrounded again by something else, at which point we need to
 								// re-setup everything so that it all gets drawn again.
-								kill(Pid::this(), SIGSTOP).unwrap();
+								nix::sys::signal::kill(
+									nix::unistd::Pid::this(),
+									nix::sys::signal::Signal::SIGSTOP
+								)
+								.unwrap();
+							}
 
 							enable_raw_mode().unwrap();
 							execute!(
@@ -829,17 +855,17 @@ impl Tui {
 						'J' if can_zoom => self.update_zoom(|z| z.pan(Direction::Down)),
 						'K' if can_zoom => self.update_zoom(|z| z.pan(Direction::Up)),
 						'G' if can_zoom => self.update_zoom(Zoom::pan_top),
+						'0' if can_zoom => self.update_zoom(Zoom::pan_left),
+						'$' if can_zoom => self.update_zoom(Zoom::pan_right),
+						'r' => Some(InputAction::Rotate),
 						_ => None
-						}
+					},
-					}
+					KeyCode::Backspace
-					KeyCode::Backspace => {
 						if let BottomMessage::Input(InputCommand::Search(ref mut term)) =
-							self.bottom_msg
+							self.bottom_msg =>
 					{
 						term.pop();
-							return Some(InputAction::Redraw);
+						InputAction::Redraw.into()
-						}
-						None
 					}
 					KeyCode::Right => self.change_page(PageChange::Next, ChangeAmount::Single),
 					KeyCode::Down | KeyCode::PageDown =>
@@ -1098,6 +1124,10 @@ gg/G (when on fill-screen):
     Scroll to top/bottom of page
 H, J, K, L (when zoomed in):
     Pan direction around page
+0/$ (when on fill-screen):
+    Scroll to left/right side of page
+r:
+		Rotate by 90 degrees
 ";
 
 pub enum InputAction {
@@ -1106,6 +1136,7 @@ pub enum InputAction {
 	Search(String),
 	QuitApp,
 	Invert,
+	Rotate,
 	Fullscreen,
 	SwitchRenderZoom(crate::FitOrFill)
 }